Brahmin Left Versus Merchant Right: Changing Political Cleavages in 21 Western Democracies, 1948–2020

نویسندگان

چکیده

Abstract This article sheds new light on the long-run evolution of political cleavages in 21 Western democracies. We exploit a database socioeconomic determinants vote, covering more than 300 elections held between 1948 and 2020. In 1950s 1960s, vote for social democratic, socialist, affiliated parties was associated with lower-educated low-income voters. It has gradually become higher-educated voters, giving rise 2010s to disconnection effects income education vote: voters now “left,” while high-income continue “right.” transition been accelerated by green anti-immigration movements, whose distinctive feature is concentrate votes electorates. Combining our historical data parties’ programs, we provide evidence that reversal cleavage strongly linked emergence “sociocultural” axis conflict.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Quarterly Journal of Economics

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['0033-5533', '1531-4650']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjab036